Common Man

Astronomers have detected the brightest cosmic explosion ever observed, and it also has some unique features. The explosion, called GRB 221009A, occurred on October 9, 2022, and was so bright that it effectively blinded most gamma-ray instruments in space. GRB 221009A was caused by the collapse of a massive star into a black hole. When this happens, the star's core collapses in on itself and releases a huge amount of energy in the form of gamma rays. GRB 221009A was particularly bright because the star that collapsed was much more massive than the sun. In addition to being the brightest cosmic explosion ever detected, GRB 221009A also has some unique features. For example, the jet of particles that was created by the explosion was much wider than jets from other gamma-ray bursts. This suggests that the black hole that formed when the star collapsed was spinning very fast. Astronomers are still not sure what caused the black hole to spin so fast, but they believe that it may have s...

Present value is the current worth of a future sum of money. The longer you have to wait to receive the money, the lower its present value will be. The discount rate is the rate of return you could earn on an alternative investment, so the higher the discount rate, the lower the present value will also be. Future value is the amount of money an investment will be worth in the future. The longer you invest your money, the higher its future value will be. The higher the interest rate, the higher the future value will also be. The present value and future value of a single sum of money can be calculated using the following formulas: Future value = Present value (1 + Interest rate)^Number of years Present value = Future value / (1 + Interest rate)^Number of years For example, if you invest $100 today at an interest rate of 5% for 5 years, the future value of your investment will be $127.63. An ordinary annuity is a series of equal cash flows that occur at the end of each period. The pre...